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Groundwater resources were only used for livestock farming and other specific purposes.Īfter the failure of the Soviet Union, the Central Asian countries began transformation from the planned centralized economy to the market based, and this switch introduced new paradigms, like land tenure, water rights and private property. In arid and semi-arid countries with small precipitation with high surface runoff, groundwater is also used for agricultural purposes (Selvam et al., 2014).ĭuring the Soviet period, groundwater resources were not as extensively used for agriculture and irrigation as they are now due to the following factors: adequate quantity of surface water, water supply for farms and good irrigational and melioration infrastructure with reliable financial support from the government (Rakhmatullaev et al., 2012). Groundwater resources are being extensively used for several purposes around the world, but mostly for domestic and industrial purposes. These factors include hydrological features, such as land use and land cover, soil types, geology and geomorphology, precipitation and evaporation, water bodies, irrigation etc. Groundwater zones strongly vary through space and time. Rapid population growth in developing countries coupled with climate change exerts additive pressure on water demand, and groundwater resources can be a lifebuoy to avoid water scarcity issues and social tensions (Andualem and Demeke, 2019 Arulbalaji et al., 2019 Lee et al., 2012 Viet-Ha et al., 2020). Nowadays the contamination of the groundwater is also becoming a vital issue for the community. Groundwater is a sources of drinking water has enough positive signs comparing with the surface water (Khosravi et al., 2018b). Groundwater is the most important natural resources in many countries of the world. The results of the research can be helpful for determining potential groundwater reserves of the Bostanlik district. Results of overlaying the final map with spring locations shows relatively high accuracy rate. For the validation of obtained results we have used 31 observed spring locations. The rest of the territory has moderate potential for groundwater resources. Territories, covered by mountains have low and very low potential of groundwater resources. High and very high probability of groundwater existence occurs within or across the Charvak reservoir and along the Chirchik river. The percentage of groundwater potential zones identified using given factors is shown as 6%, 45%, 26%, 13%, and 10% respectively from very high to very low classes. GIS based multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) was applied.
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For the current study, various thematic spatial layers such as soil map, geology map, land use/land cover (LULC), elevation, slope, stream proximity, stream density, curvature, topographic wetness index (TWI) and precipitation are used to delineate groundwater potential zones. Watershed analysis provides catchment boundaries but also hydrological parameters useful for management programs.The present study shows the groundwater potential assessment and an effective management of the groundwater resources in Bostanlik district, Uzbekistan based on the integrated utilization of remote sensing and GIS techniques.Flood prediction modeling and snow melt runoff models etc.To provide necessary inputs for hydrological modeling.Watershed analysis is used for the management and planning of natural resources. Algorithm: The choice of algorithm is another important factor in watershed analysis output.DEM: A 30 meter DEM likely to be too coarse to provide detailed topographic features for geomorphic and hydrologic modeling.There are two main factors which effects watershed analysis. If pour point is not located directly over a stream link, it will result in a small, incomplete watershed for the outlet. They may also correspond to surface drinking water system intake points of interest are called pour point or outlets. This point of interest may be stream gauge stations or dams. Point based watersheds delineation is based on the point of interest. The only difference is to substitute a point raster for a stream link raster. Point Based Watershedsĭelineation of individual watersheds based on point of intersection (pour point) follows the same procedure as for delineation of area-wide watersheds.